{"id":"W4410547078","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.5235837","title":"Beyond Sentience: Legally Recognizing Animals' Sociability and Agency","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Geographies of human-animal interactions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Sentience; Agency (philosophy); Animal welfare; Environmental ethics; HUBzero; Psychology; Animal-assisted therapy; Pet therapy; Social psychology; Sociology; Biology; Philosophy; Ecology; Social science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001237044,0.000205022,0.0002132445,0.00157869,0.001304964,0.003461497,0.000732331,0.001661125,0.006050894],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01438189,0.0001826034,0.0002330834,0.0006998682,0.005942148,0.005716007,0.002908568,0.001162181,0.0006324469],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009464601,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001085701,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008514849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01346413,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994287,0.0002217014,0.00003217044,0.00009959043,0.000136454,0.00008144714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9955263,0.001653401,0.001260877,0.0005761097,0.0005894324,0.000393877],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003745263,0.0001501264,0.1683123,0.0003589923,0.00007379054,0.001164271,0.04533512,0.002269464,0.01242157,0.4523029,0.01059336,0.3066436],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001889275,0.0001772237,0.171288,0.0004608917,0.00007498914,0.001059487,0.04143129,0.01391939,0.003797167,0.7241278,0.04352212,0.0001228167],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6510263,0.001777788,0.07555627,0.01477057,0.0003373582,0.00009527639,0.00033137,0.000210958,0.2558941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992074,0.0002220959,0.005570627,0.0003497906,0.00003151029,0.00002441353,0.0000478921,0.00002706035,0.001652645],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008514849,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.02024221,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01207209583244013,"score_gpt":0.3174043299821127,"score_spread":0.3053322341496725,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}