{"id":"W4410550097","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.05.150","title":"Sustainability analysis of electrolysis based green hydrogen production pathways: A life cycle perspective","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","topic":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Hydrogen production; Sustainability; Electrolysis; Production (economics); Perspective (graphical); Environmental science; Electrolysis of water; Life-cycle assessment; Hydrogen; Chemistry; Computer science; Economics; Electrode; Macroeconomics; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008534846,0.0002949678,0.0008637818,0.002638075,0.00007707402,0.00003643932,0.0009600117,0.0001418258,0.0001576455],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001090414,0.0002739584,0.001060448,0.002202605,0.0001317509,0.0003126027,0.000102513,0.0001970091,0.000001582071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001626007,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001285252,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02100318,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003984671,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962342,0.0004487961,0.001389236,0.0004512203,0.001134957,0.0003416094],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9942068,0.0001782592,0.001155171,0.0004985383,0.003789718,0.0001715029],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004903732,0.0004662733,0.002347559,0.00001667829,0.01481492,0.00009004008,0.0002479508,0.9264309,0.02314617,0.02797567,0.0001080474,0.003865396],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002802108,0.0004034339,0.002287875,0.000177798,0.004996028,0.00011787,0.002200367,0.2119004,0.7199499,0.0324,0.02199417,0.0007699977],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9854403,0.001229462,0.00495008,0.003483448,0.0007265583,0.00008528156,0.00002472934,0.00005033475,0.004009776],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9981261,0.00005047113,0.0001086803,0.0002552179,0.0004919558,0.00002062841,0.00003419277,0.00002999978,0.0008827132],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7145305,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999713,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006995511852044682,"score_gpt":0.249645863988053,"score_spread":0.2426503521360083,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}