{"id":"W4410555583","doi":"10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102603","title":"Recovery of urban Great Lakes beaches after lake-level rise: The roles of infrastructure, sand supply, and management activities","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","topic":"Coastal and Marine Dynamics","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Prairie Research Institute; Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant, University of Illinois; Illinois Department of Natural Resources","keywords":"Environmental science; Hydrology (agriculture); Geography; Geology; Geotechnical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002515887,0.0001284098,0.00007749871,0.0005524352,0.000468877,0.001075792,0.0002830926,0.0001567761,0.002233602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009168381,0.0001117448,0.0001067736,0.0009165495,0.000414631,0.0005572726,0.0008367822,0.0001984682,0.0001839855],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001285748,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001232207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1281737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.4566731,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998424,0.00003071973,0.000006296368,0.00003167796,0.0000361322,0.00005270296],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996045,0.00003970918,0.0001439187,0.0000303288,0.00009274358,0.00008885223],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004670261,0.00003048803,0.9580838,0.00003953742,0.0000385184,0.0001920654,0.002518723,0.0007204813,0.001217841,0.000478347,0.001171968,0.03546163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[4.954101e-7,0.00000917689,0.9964335,0.000008938254,0.000004527778,0.00001373122,0.001987181,0.000364558,0.00008602893,0.00004477403,0.001044576,0.000002475478],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9968262,0.00008183316,0.0001542654,0.0002204875,0.000001634951,0.000007459031,0.0002358242,0.00001129392,0.002460974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980347,0.0001578411,0.0002171455,0.00003087612,0.000002942986,0.000009359081,0.0002631829,0.000004298697,0.001279744],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1281737,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2548554,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01988962160114546,"score_gpt":0.2609296401378687,"score_spread":0.2410400185367233,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}