{"id":"W4410571639","doi":"10.1007/s10143-025-03584-0","title":"Establishing stereotactic brain biopsies in outpatient care as the gold standard: an argument for enhanced accessibility and patient-centric medicine","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Neurosurgical Review","topic":"Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Neurosurgery; Gold standard (test); Standard of care; Argument (complex analysis); Stereotactic biopsy; Medical physics; Intensive care medicine; Surgery; Radiology; Magnetic resonance imaging; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004166755,0.000233554,0.0007079879,0.0001015639,0.00008860217,0.00005834618,0.0001218647,0.000057524,0.00006217074],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00250638,0.0001262292,0.0001111998,0.0005218667,0.00009835607,0.0001263674,0.00008830903,0.0001952029,0.000001821704],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001851289,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009071775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005384342,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003305181,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9979127,0.0002615265,0.0006370429,0.0005355371,0.0003627683,0.0002904409],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9979774,0.001059851,0.0001558166,0.0004801645,0.0001649213,0.0001618369],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008432085,0.001363186,0.03888143,0.01032672,0.00009357151,0.0002259999,0.001623815,0.000003492724,0.0005515244,0.001036944,0.003606892,0.9414432],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0195236,0.01091426,0.180755,0.03619652,0.001644288,0.00008254149,0.001606341,0.0001053171,0.00551468,0.0006655077,0.7423742,0.0006177605],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8507069,0.1261834,0.000007724369,0.01886388,0.0002253344,0.003263046,0.00002328902,0.00002570978,0.0007007015],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9665278,0.02357719,0.00003016747,0.009291473,0.00002460992,0.000466599,0.0000346448,0.00001309576,0.00003441903],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9408255,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5147478,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02144929511454735,"score_gpt":0.3443237311285696,"score_spread":0.3228744360140222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}