{"id":"W4410611173","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127694","title":"Soil thinning dominates crop yield reduction among various degradation types in the typical black soil region of Northeast China","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"European Journal of Agronomy","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","keywords":"Thinning; Agronomy; Environmental science; Crop yield; Yield (engineering); Crop; Soil retrogression and degradation; Reduction (mathematics); China; Soil classification; Agroforestry; Soil science; Soil water; Mathematics; Geography; Biology; Forestry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003660439,0.0003693601,0.000290333,0.001216702,0.0006068522,0.0003863086,0.0003397381,0.0001931783,0.0006850058],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003224399,0.0001761205,0.000378161,0.001082541,0.0005280345,0.0003696278,0.0004449632,0.0001128601,0.00006974236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001159298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001221697,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05005855,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1356086,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997166,0.00002297723,0.00003053141,0.00007745555,0.00004066949,0.0001118564],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996182,0.0000200039,0.0001460526,0.0000248691,0.00006381005,0.0001271233],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001460588,0.00003177672,0.9892084,0.00001980944,0.00006362649,0.0002515108,0.000431256,0.0002935495,0.006164539,0.0000943146,0.00006122652,0.003233934],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001408544,0.000012468,0.9993613,9.816995e-7,0.000009026749,0.00003309862,0.0002305308,0.0001970545,0.00008315661,0.00001881413,0.00005011875,0.000001884539],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9997661,0.00003130555,0.00002519265,0.000009564678,6.179694e-7,0.000001509781,0.0000440874,0.000001973538,0.0001197644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997392,0.00002302929,0.00002083189,0.000004972881,9.823274e-7,9.072039e-7,0.0000877497,8.058611e-7,0.0001216172],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05005855,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09953433,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01265767906598943,"score_gpt":0.1991612785870805,"score_spread":0.1865035995210911,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}