{"id":"W4410632638","doi":"10.22215/etd/2025-16421","title":"Single Sign-On (SSO) and its Intersection with Phishing Attacks: An Investigation","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"dissertation","venue":"","topic":"Spam and Phishing Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Phishing; Intersection (aeronautics); Sign (mathematics); Single sign-on; Computer security; Computer science; World Wide Web; Engineering; Authentication (law); Mathematics; The Internet; Transport engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003736263,0.0002504639,0.0003394288,0.002318853,0.001813428,0.002517764,0.0003528104,0.000960007,0.004751336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0244746,0.000240733,0.0002805943,0.003561006,0.00197142,0.003258791,0.001635558,0.0008775757,0.0009771014],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009087667,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001011132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002384226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002950337,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9958894,0.002159,0.000212271,0.0002911191,0.001080489,0.0003678247],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9559909,0.02876534,0.006943655,0.002623517,0.003860203,0.001816478],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006715664,0.0009807708,0.8654527,0.0003420819,0.0000586397,0.000697316,0.01694217,0.0004525998,0.001257401,0.02403784,0.002046247,0.08706073],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002855373,0.002238662,0.9256813,0.000366619,0.000146891,0.004583048,0.02889365,0.006462564,0.002680291,0.006402892,0.02244989,0.00006562591],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9775839,0.0006241133,0.0009546398,0.0005107458,0.00001071699,0.00007736598,0.00007869404,0.00001234904,0.02014749],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976961,0.0004286611,0.0005532613,0.00007337665,0.00001782347,0.00002241627,0.00004742055,0.000003990197,0.001156895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004751336,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01975948,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02583553391749312,"score_gpt":0.251922172924924,"score_spread":0.2260866390074309,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}