{"id":"W4410709156","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.127296","title":"Understanding the shift in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors for primary and booster doses among university students: A cross-sectional study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Vaccine","topic":"Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canadian Red Cross; University of Waterloo; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Booster (rocketry); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Cross-sectional study; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Medicine; Booster dose; Pandemic; Virology; Family medicine; Internal medicine; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Outbreak; Virus; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002934486,0.0002241277,0.000315823,0.0008420994,0.0005862078,0.0009474601,0.0005434816,0.0007526255,0.002074807],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006156054,0.0003596919,0.0006902879,0.001059876,0.0003751389,0.0009599316,0.000750956,0.0009171689,0.00030202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001041119,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0013579,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03343379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0387928,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987276,0.0003632041,0.0001102654,0.0002506934,0.0002482278,0.0003000046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996048,0.0008502766,0.001661145,0.0001888624,0.000538843,0.0007128735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001613957,0.00003424785,0.9988587,0.000008347195,0.00001463209,0.000007004077,0.0001995435,0.00001158103,0.00003466078,0.00001021489,0.00005006852,0.0007548248],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001275771,0.00007536325,0.9987782,0.00001397096,0.00001267696,0.00002690498,0.0008088713,0.0001207488,0.00002545612,0.000009444438,0.0001244506,0.000002655406],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9990073,0.0002057081,0.0001074791,0.000133277,0.000006773807,0.00001662305,0.0002307078,0.000001964513,0.000290098],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994724,0.0001019916,0.00008938439,0.0000559904,0.000005059273,0.00001359755,0.0001368408,0.000001098848,0.000123656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03343379,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06647837,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05923560161052889,"score_gpt":0.3407157367427542,"score_spread":0.2814801351322253,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}