{"id":"W4410777652","doi":"10.3390/buildings15111840","title":"A Novel Framework for Natural Language Interaction with 4D BIM","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Buildings","topic":"BIM and Construction Integration","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Manitoba","funders":"","keywords":"Natural (archaeology); Human–computer interaction; Building information modeling; Computer science; Systems engineering; Engineering; Architectural engineering; Geography; Operations management","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002207665,0.00006596688,0.00005935778,0.00007413457,0.00004452103,0.00005288493,0.00004301874,0.00005252314,0.00001595793],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002283219,0.00005564796,0.00002724543,0.0001402896,0.00001449884,0.0001007041,0.00000460616,0.0001277147,0.000002311064],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004496084,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001026751,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001970695,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002135838,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997267,0.000001363289,0.00007205382,0.00008028224,0.00003771493,0.00008191352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998369,0.00003876441,0.00001386315,0.00006739511,0.00003104637,0.00001201552],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007100919,0.00001371099,0.0002371173,0.00009820116,0.00008314665,4.946576e-7,0.0003909317,0.001128466,0.0423536,0.8228533,0.001412991,0.131357],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003558404,0.0002194799,0.003696147,0.002127645,0.0002412913,0.0001624224,0.008208269,0.3170022,0.3826075,0.03578073,0.2450519,0.001344046],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1755584,0.0001828423,0.8221163,0.0001505743,0.0008395468,0.00009681164,0.000003677996,0.0001979522,0.0008539976],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9109761,0.000002566356,0.08861409,0.0001101563,0.00008468258,0.00003936171,0.000005287526,0.000009165369,0.0001585639],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7870726,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2269258,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005064747679159862,"score_gpt":0.2434165945464699,"score_spread":0.23835184686731,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}