{"id":"W4410781192","doi":"10.1007/s10668-025-06250-z","title":"From penalties to profits: how government regulation and cost-revenue trade-offs shape green production and marketing","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environment Development and Sustainability","topic":"Environmental Sustainability in Business","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Group for Research in Decision Analysis; HEC Montréal","funders":"National Social Science Fund of China","keywords":"Production (economics); Revenue; Business; Government (linguistics); Industrial organization; Sustainable development; Government revenue; Economics; Marketing; Microeconomics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003471918,0.0002295019,0.0003622053,0.0008410027,0.00263935,0.01499099,0.001053291,0.003321654,0.018978],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01661158,0.0004187255,0.0004677653,0.000880696,0.007973257,0.006537413,0.002485891,0.004020418,0.001634364],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006211371,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005528486,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01252117,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02602938,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9965463,0.001755983,0.00005930106,0.0003874791,0.0005803815,0.0006706002],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9899632,0.006495306,0.0008226998,0.0004964859,0.001301108,0.0009212377],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002042541,0.0002280065,0.01153668,0.00006125116,0.00004286105,0.0001908544,0.004364697,0.007489303,0.001140842,0.9256567,0.01373955,0.03534489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003350763,0.00004507431,0.01620481,0.0001138773,0.00004041175,0.00005914361,0.00965166,0.009176123,0.0009663919,0.9151855,0.04843811,0.00008542994],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4003254,0.001787754,0.0195328,0.05868098,0.0004503661,0.0000458579,0.0001773398,0.0001486961,0.5188508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9900367,0.0001975875,0.0005667342,0.001161202,0.00004163797,0.00000857363,0.00001255088,0.0000609374,0.007914019],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.018978,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06348771,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007081230790982723,"score_gpt":0.1950459123110745,"score_spread":0.1879646815200918,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}