{"id":"W4410798869","doi":"10.1080/10439463.2025.2508192","title":"Public perceptions of facial recognition use by police in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Policing & Society","topic":"Deception detection and forensic psychology","field":"Psychology","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Perception; Facial recognition system; Psychology; Political science; Criminology; Public relations; Cognitive psychology; Pattern recognition (psychology)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001710407,0.0002383114,0.0002688327,0.001444789,0.004463534,0.002936891,0.0006644739,0.0004716138,0.003637739],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008949375,0.0003038823,0.0002729828,0.002160382,0.002515934,0.0009232158,0.001589168,0.000862114,0.000206898],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.021022,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01752185,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9452118,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9461273,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976605,0.0003409914,0.0000967866,0.0001602133,0.001223163,0.0005182607],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9906031,0.001582618,0.002564656,0.0002836976,0.003713474,0.001252444],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003972551,0.0001809778,0.7414258,0.0001955553,0.00006566074,0.0008956171,0.1870598,0.0003967072,0.003565258,0.001310183,0.004344012,0.06016328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001141859,0.0001542767,0.7377942,0.000179464,0.0000309538,0.0002801542,0.2446437,0.0007398836,0.0006207178,0.0001503493,0.01528938,0.0001054697],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927061,0.0002059097,0.0001432795,0.0009615623,0.00001152211,0.00002140048,0.0001923113,0.000009274172,0.005748542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984694,0.000298965,0.00008693161,0.0001279313,0.000004845337,0.000007745536,0.00007074348,0.000004369681,0.0009290174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05478823,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.152526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05089103274798872,"score_gpt":0.3184961528990444,"score_spread":0.2676051201510556,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}