{"id":"W4410846176","doi":"10.1080/01900692.2025.2508445","title":"Societal Factors Influencing the Sense of National Belonging: A Statistical Analysis of Residents in Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Public Administration","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"École Nationale d'Administration Publique","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Political science; Psychology; Public administration","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001251676,0.0002561476,0.0004703552,0.001742302,0.002818029,0.001284926,0.001101871,0.000332274,0.001457808],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003690945,0.0002180834,0.0007146918,0.00444179,0.001207036,0.0004379344,0.001803653,0.0005982991,0.0001349161],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.01212019,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01937596,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.985976,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9901118,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988875,0.0001670204,0.00007991273,0.0001690672,0.0003395363,0.0003570169],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9968159,0.0003431608,0.0006042462,0.0001555672,0.001073707,0.0010074],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003190814,0.00001344439,0.9959366,0.00001000189,0.00003169083,0.00002427865,0.001075301,0.00009092316,0.00004276183,0.00008875554,0.0002526015,0.002401647],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001388423,0.00001286849,0.9957803,0.00000960677,0.000008733152,0.00001344982,0.00338722,0.000357448,0.000020076,0.00002413348,0.0003780217,0.000006733427],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977138,0.0001181362,0.0001129758,0.00009245082,0.000004253658,0.00002119483,0.001258659,0.000005116789,0.0006734692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9985805,0.0001194444,0.0001225023,0.000016279,0.00000211447,0.00001263965,0.000827982,0.000003609181,0.0003148965],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01402396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08793855,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02269180723035403,"score_gpt":0.3562874500000124,"score_spread":0.3335956427696584,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}