{"id":"W4410861738","doi":"10.3390/powders4020015","title":"Classification of Metallic Powder Morphology Using Traditional and Automated Static Image Analysis: A Comparative Study","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Powders","topic":"Injection Molding Process and Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Morphology (biology); Materials science; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision; Computer science; Biology; Zoology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001131423,0.0003189061,0.0005395554,0.004167204,0.0003170003,0.0009862267,0.0004477175,0.0004610571,0.001108853],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002234397,0.0002264951,0.0005159594,0.001940753,0.0004643507,0.0007048018,0.0003341903,0.0002212815,0.0004062358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004268135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002598495,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002454655,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003267493,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991566,0.0001021373,0.00007226309,0.0001660054,0.0004396842,0.0000633622],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976446,0.0007788658,0.0002408538,0.0001806196,0.001086532,0.00006853094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002371483,0.0006145685,0.1052418,0.000702271,0.0002232629,0.0005298179,0.001034574,0.004080385,0.4499667,0.0005710667,0.000837289,0.4338268],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007006248,0.002431048,0.6248698,0.00006262328,0.0004056528,0.002896965,0.001699208,0.09291036,0.2687448,0.0004622861,0.005316685,0.0001306032],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.96443,0.0007226383,0.03046659,0.00004179656,0.00002377707,0.000133801,0.0002973924,0.0003836623,0.003500341],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9585262,0.0006930123,0.03832182,0.0000292016,0.00002677663,0.00005477781,0.000621643,0.00009341152,0.001633301],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004167204,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005983651,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0679088747895211,"score_gpt":0.3105202759011265,"score_spread":0.2426114011116054,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}