{"id":"W4410942497","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103490","title":"Food deserts, food mirages, and gentrification in Toronto, Canada","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health & Place","topic":"Urban Agriculture and Sustainability","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Waterloo","funders":"Canadian Institute of Planners","keywords":"Gentrification; Geography; Economic geography; Economic growth; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006175507,0.0002359457,0.0003068369,0.001354733,0.003119394,0.00156227,0.0008658671,0.0002889958,0.003473799],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002507685,0.000299195,0.0004890884,0.004283912,0.0009620035,0.0004846349,0.001301818,0.0005817195,0.0001741311],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04383488,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.04026492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9973435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9991053,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993976,0.00007514624,0.00003689785,0.00007726104,0.0001920112,0.000220972],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969927,0.000234056,0.0006080824,0.0001029543,0.0009093711,0.00115285],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005886136,0.00002965623,0.9834176,0.00008936808,0.00006565081,0.0001683333,0.003740093,0.0002006277,0.0001299746,0.0005288532,0.003948584,0.00762232],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003091634,0.00000964092,0.9947627,0.00005855519,0.00001620313,0.00003236406,0.003201959,0.0001709385,0.00002828106,0.00003880433,0.001668575,0.000008926144],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9838954,0.00233234,0.0001629097,0.00139775,0.00003381827,0.00004607432,0.006566687,0.00001896073,0.005546122],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.995699,0.0009747414,0.0002188651,0.000122228,0.00000698326,0.00002289122,0.001198273,0.000005615388,0.001751328],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04383488,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3180458,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009731926897414356,"score_gpt":0.2218469373767439,"score_spread":0.2121150104793295,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}