{"id":"W4410980407","doi":"10.1055/a-2562-2163","title":"Alternative Strategies to Generate Class Activation Maps Supporting AI-based Advice in Vertebral Fracture Detection in X-ray Images","year":2024,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Methods of Information in Medicine","topic":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Class (philosophy); Medicine; Fracture (geology); X-ray; Advice (programming); Radiology; Artificial intelligence; Nuclear medicine; Orthodontics; Computer science; Geology; Optics; Physics; Programming language; Paleontology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001835026,0.001185534,0.0005488963,0.0008409683,0.0003984098,0.0009773751,0.002036088,0.001946885,0.005325152],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008533492,0.0006046094,0.0009031022,0.000285772,0.0009191052,0.0015123,0.001584984,0.001897091,0.0008678867],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009310299,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001056992,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00437781,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005477601,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995307,0.000136114,0.00002139382,0.000162499,0.00007953387,0.00006978553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961653,0.002767616,0.0001864816,0.0003173045,0.0004117625,0.0001516526],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008008651,0.0004302263,0.007481297,0.0003165659,0.0001843706,0.0004866449,0.0009362013,0.4579822,0.02667529,0.009737758,0.004592733,0.4903759],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002139653,0.00005614529,0.0003687406,0.00001071471,0.00001419001,0.00004133783,0.00003495522,0.9892771,0.005315923,0.004428935,0.0004225105,0.00000805071],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1744047,0.0004734285,0.8109875,0.001328331,0.0001089759,0.0003401603,0.0002704593,0.008241518,0.003844877],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8246127,0.00008423983,0.1721698,0.0003138621,0.00003586703,0.0001871682,0.0002157354,0.000201972,0.00217878],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005325152,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01781434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01157706044493465,"score_gpt":0.350547628807023,"score_spread":0.3389705683620883,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}