{"id":"W4411004474","doi":"10.1158/2159-8290.cd-25-0232","title":"The Nature and Nurture of Carcinogenesis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cancer Discovery","topic":"Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"British Columbia Centre of Excellence for Women's Health; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Carcinogenesis; Nature versus nurture; Mutagen; Phenotype; Biology; Genetics; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Cancer research; Tumor promotion; Selection (genetic algorithm); Carcinogen; Bioinformatics; Cancer; Gene; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001673575,0.0003801115,0.0005978816,0.0006406756,0.001042029,0.004429871,0.001179559,0.003401348,0.004747788],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00302258,0.0004035283,0.000351704,0.0003606569,0.00339345,0.00345237,0.002050399,0.005825329,0.001735202],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008877575,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001056858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004543059,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001417133,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986733,0.0002449062,0.0000767264,0.0003445784,0.0005051258,0.0001554076],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977134,0.001000485,0.0002701995,0.0002866351,0.0003420711,0.0003871278],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004652983,0.0001405889,0.005725284,0.001148882,0.0001759497,0.0008797945,0.0008357262,0.000422555,0.02849913,0.1324549,0.5091892,0.3200626],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001214603,0.00005134167,0.002355651,0.0001167179,0.00002490939,0.0004589792,0.0002250315,0.0001518128,0.002853161,0.01469056,0.9790414,0.00001820214],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.01567279,0.4233942,0.006824788,0.3702607,0.1404313,0.0000333202,0.0003629778,0.0004049731,0.04261502],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1948226,0.4193395,0.004130546,0.1083353,0.1920829,0.00006248472,0.0004247729,0.0004022335,0.08039958],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004747788,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01588291,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003330929786765391,"score_gpt":0.2456611683495053,"score_spread":0.2423302385627399,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}