{"id":"W4411005540","doi":"10.1007/s12124-025-09917-4","title":"Functions of Informal Subgroups in Relation to Work Groups and Group Effectiveness","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science","topic":"Team Dynamics and Performance","field":"Psychology","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"","keywords":"Relation (database); Group (periodic table); Work (physics); Psychology; Sociology; Group work; Social psychology; Computer science; Mathematics education; Engineering; Data mining","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000640183,0.0001269923,0.000189071,0.0002812186,0.0001276977,0.00003483179,0.0001682388,0.0001027518,0.00005365703],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003230317,0.00008541982,0.00002621376,0.001534166,0.0006836625,0.0002243038,0.00009040508,0.0002568736,0.000007923208],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003324536,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009282174,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001840892,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009600482,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989329,0.0000725757,0.0002443487,0.0003903293,0.000120237,0.0002396058],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995559,0.0001010753,0.00005166326,0.0001451533,0.00006521727,0.00008095785],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003931597,0.0003886986,0.7977361,0.000005660432,0.000002724508,0.000003065673,0.001566178,0.000004803264,0.003090696,0.05488089,0.00001789349,0.1419101],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003152054,0.0007455556,0.9963502,0.00007792424,0.000006303478,0.000004563487,0.00081346,0.00003614448,0.0000343766,0.001433386,0.00008337577,0.00009955079],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904514,0.00006842746,0.004326685,0.0001339742,0.0004223646,0.000298639,0.000008818713,0.00001838857,0.004271334],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992616,0.000007167328,0.0003649815,0.0000953394,0.000008141438,0.00007468044,0.000003037564,0.000002205368,0.0001828692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.198614,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3483319,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03119664368595432,"score_gpt":0.3801576243298915,"score_spread":0.3489609806439372,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}