{"id":"W4411014517","doi":"10.1080/14786451.2025.2505444","title":"Optimisation of whey permeate anaerobic digestion at different inoculum to substrate ratios and initial pH values under mesophilic conditions","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Sustainable Energy","topic":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Future Earth","funders":"Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan; University of Reading","keywords":"Mesophile; Anaerobic digestion; Chemistry; Digestion (alchemy); Substrate (aquarium); Permeation; Food science; Biogas; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Waste management; Methane; Chromatography; Bacteria; Biology; Biochemistry; Engineering; Membrane; Organic chemistry; Ecology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005599041,0.00058005,0.0006404436,0.0002650534,0.0002365171,0.0007568381,0.0002834458,0.0003623608,0.0004034468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004779894,0.0001829553,0.0004050912,0.0004254963,0.0002213444,0.0004384389,0.0003841135,0.0004742872,0.0001534035],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004252414,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004605453,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002274578,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003663414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995298,0.00009146414,0.00006413885,0.00009807654,0.0001351775,0.00008137759],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998691,0.00003922345,0.00003027599,0.00001013338,0.00003460447,0.00001673143],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002038933,0.00006306744,0.0004907921,0.0001057349,0.000009351717,0.0000408594,0.00002438082,0.0003867332,0.9969603,0.0000200885,0.00001245267,0.001682156],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000919301,0.0004821145,0.005174771,0.00001356195,0.00002552555,0.00004366817,0.00007948974,0.001111925,0.9924184,0.00002195748,0.000608772,0.00001066284],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.996286,0.0006767143,0.001774744,0.00004329326,0.00001281546,0.00005791245,0.0003169335,0.00002497806,0.0008065827],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939877,0.0008827191,0.004123718,0.00001775712,0.000004513874,0.00006051742,0.0003329131,0.00001241983,0.0005777304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002274578,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004522681,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007666196170793536,"score_gpt":0.2465601553214008,"score_spread":0.2388939591506072,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}