{"id":"W4411026008","doi":"10.1215/00182702-11948225","title":"The Curious Career of David Bensusan-Butt","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"History of Political Economy","topic":"History and Developments in Astronomy","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Sociology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001494594,0.0001320681,0.0002657626,0.00007537122,0.0000931582,0.00000505435,0.000285945,0.00003445119,0.0006549555],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001129106,0.0001180025,0.0001447211,0.00004579392,0.0006205611,0.00007516691,0.00006641271,0.000138745,0.00002893846],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004364327,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000800216,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001771553,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003526907,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989204,0.00004206412,0.0004551301,0.0001839906,0.00006572764,0.0003327046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991452,0.0001909484,0.0001245554,0.0003496645,0.00008901786,0.0001006777],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000107122,0.00006356128,0.004597664,0.00002285579,0.0000661684,2.231e-7,0.0001878459,0.000002249579,0.00001370934,0.9618424,0.0263782,0.00681446],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002646133,0.00001765946,0.002152981,0.00001849726,0.0000267757,1.26556e-7,0.0002686135,0.000007880212,0.0003447135,0.02100869,0.9757901,0.00009938564],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009064828,0.0004214838,0.002301977,0.0003332878,0.001029029,0.0001391766,0.00002748531,0.00001292045,0.9866698],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9760038,4.386484e-7,0.0008437657,0.0001909354,0.00009388637,0.00004900871,0.00001019402,0.000009418244,0.02279853],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.966939,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7171303,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009906676178116698,"score_gpt":0.2280858609716088,"score_spread":0.2181791847934921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}