{"id":"W4411059142","doi":"10.15376/biores.20.3.5843-5869","title":"Exploring the potential of whey ultrafiltration permeate in wood modification: Changes in wood hygroscopic and thermal behaviors","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BioResources","topic":"Wood Treatment and Properties","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Materials science; Permeation; Composite material; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Membrane; Chromatography; Chemistry; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006625534,0.00009026082,0.0001009076,0.0001282901,0.00003640233,0.0000279964,0.00007701824,0.00003252959,0.000005772629],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000004117816,0.00006453165,0.00001534713,0.000151587,0.00004202906,0.00009481709,0.00001309202,0.00006406853,9.264904e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000167056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000004730188,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001250042,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003406026,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995716,0.00002706161,0.0001292655,0.00009622356,0.0000644379,0.0001114278],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998479,0.00001506173,0.00001605635,0.0001018816,0.000007646926,0.0000114045],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008361942,0.0001487233,0.1961551,0.0002713462,0.00007575437,0.000007819535,0.02484434,0.01092629,0.7171205,0.0002676739,0.00001866442,0.05008023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005036237,0.00005218282,0.8086826,0.0001347636,0.00003021305,6.973344e-7,0.002096797,0.002061534,0.1861979,0.00002114575,0.0001073266,0.0001113098],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977326,0.001449738,0.000005522839,0.0002276544,0.00008469799,0.0001577987,0.00000345165,0.00003659129,0.0003019656],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994832,0.000309001,0.00002375271,0.000005520792,0.00002602855,0.00009418624,0.000004600678,0.000007610493,0.00004607719],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6125274,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2631525,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03339564759158755,"score_gpt":0.2189380116602958,"score_spread":0.1855423640687082,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}