{"id":"W4411066320","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-60216-3","title":"No evidence of immune exhaustion after repeated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in vulnerable and healthy populations","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Communications","topic":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","field":"Medicine","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Impact; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute; Health Sciences North; Hamilton Health Sciences; Population Health Research Institute; McMaster University; St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; McMaster University Medical Centre","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Government of Canada; Public Health Agency; Public Health Agency of Canada; McMaster University","keywords":"Vaccination; Immune system; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Virology; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Sars virus; Medicine; Immunology; Pandemic; Biology; Outbreak; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003849756,0.0001662584,0.0002863595,0.0001937908,0.0008131837,0.0004222512,0.0002903045,0.0003004533,0.00123584],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001129907,0.00009577014,0.0002688991,0.0002797553,0.0003721836,0.000190511,0.0005429167,0.0003550358,0.0001414336],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001674574,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00316341,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3685758,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.5229953,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996217,0.00003377626,0.00001450528,0.00006858566,0.00009619731,0.0001651949],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992635,0.00005812941,0.0001612293,0.00004709879,0.0002518721,0.0002183054],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00130836,0.0001130984,0.9583813,0.0001449098,0.0001756617,0.000431018,0.001853756,0.0002224812,0.01607588,0.00008426719,0.0007214952,0.02048777],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005114931,0.0003016218,0.9980908,0.0000119302,0.00002234568,0.00007226811,0.0004823497,0.00005656874,0.0005118267,0.00002120173,0.0004198914,0.000003968652],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986305,0.0002567336,0.00007031242,0.00006239205,0.000005770979,0.00001195739,0.0002297359,0.000002878276,0.0007298402],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989743,0.0001489668,0.00005538515,0.00008847373,0.000003567301,0.000009538228,0.0002555547,0.000001427841,0.0004628103],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3685758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7328609,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03665390233900005,"score_gpt":0.4074264053978553,"score_spread":0.3707725030588552,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}