{"id":"W4411068577","doi":"10.1038/s41561-025-01702-7","title":"Passive degassing of lithospheric volatiles recorded in shallow young groundwater","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Geoscience","topic":"Geological and Geochemical Analysis","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Environment Research Council; Research Councils UK; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National Science Foundation; Government of Canada; Agence Nationale de la Recherche","keywords":"Geology; Outgassing; Mantle (geology); Volatiles; Lithosphere; Earth science; Volcanism; Groundwater; Crust; Geochemistry; Subduction; Astrobiology; Tectonics; Paleontology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002201633,0.0001099909,0.000208579,0.00009549729,0.00008742312,0.00003872087,0.0003592999,0.000160283,0.001387391],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002807437,0.0000726651,0.00007015557,0.001348395,0.000161446,0.0001655737,0.00003231276,0.0003474497,0.00001533419],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005988732,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004260022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006412739,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01866459,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988525,0.00004626296,0.0002343301,0.0003382176,0.0002309787,0.0002977001],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995177,0.0001447673,0.0000710844,0.0001439512,0.00006730059,0.00005523384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001370995,0.00002170032,0.9828309,0.00001090826,0.000003848749,0.000006543409,0.00004178774,0.0001665514,0.0002965605,0.0001871711,0.00003472952,0.0163856],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009761557,0.00003396663,0.9716189,0.00003591778,0.000008560536,0.000001755643,0.00006724595,0.01059004,0.0003230287,0.01655008,0.0005796776,0.00009323763],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9906967,0.0009988938,0.0002741299,0.0008365348,0.0003570927,0.00006569026,0.000006699642,0.00001675799,0.006747486],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9956573,0.00003119997,0.002406214,0.0003705926,0.00001715169,9.486389e-7,0.00001356974,6.336397e-7,0.001502382],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01636291,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995255,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004165533229233835,"score_gpt":0.2061114499095307,"score_spread":0.2019459166802969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}