{"id":"W4411138967","doi":"10.20944/preprints202506.0583.v1","title":"The Remarkable Increase of the Invasive Autumn Fern, Dryopteris erythrosora, One of the World’s Most Marketed Ferns, in Eastern North America","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Preprints.org","topic":"Fern and Epiphyte Biology","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Fern; Dryopteris; Botany; Geography; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004420651,0.0001213287,0.0001248745,0.000645657,0.0005839504,0.0007012121,0.0001538888,0.0002318104,0.001449868],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006088968,0.00007364097,0.0001288693,0.0008656259,0.0003355678,0.0005735308,0.0005921695,0.0004120111,0.0002231715],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005465861,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006721901,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01879178,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05703561,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996434,0.00003543288,0.00001283274,0.0001267008,0.000136962,0.00004461132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994881,0.00006989618,0.0001759457,0.00003370817,0.0001565858,0.0000757182],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001586108,0.00007699517,0.726104,0.000454831,0.00005594604,0.001662759,0.008725503,0.0001448008,0.07814105,0.001102905,0.005953134,0.1774194],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001789596,0.00004541139,0.9666383,0.00002818572,0.00001834142,0.0004410596,0.002749978,0.0001330932,0.002513897,0.0001382534,0.02728065,0.00001095889],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9847767,0.0009742894,0.001344993,0.000561329,0.00005443901,0.00002577793,0.001748193,0.00006472763,0.01044941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9914154,0.0008905735,0.002298959,0.000190548,0.00003948613,0.00001635368,0.001104808,0.00001287349,0.00403093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01879178,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03736484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06050337512382607,"score_gpt":0.2717367620518109,"score_spread":0.2112333869279848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}