{"id":"W4411170850","doi":"10.1039/d5nr00707k","title":"Advancing extracellular vesicle production: improving physiological relevance and yield with 3D cell culture","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Nanoscale","topic":"Extracellular vesicles in disease","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Cancer Research Society; University of Guelph","keywords":"Extracellular vesicles; Extracellular vesicle; Relevance (law); Yield (engineering); Production (economics); Extracellular; Cell biology; Vesicle; Cell culture; Biochemical engineering; Chemistry; Microvesicles; Biology; Biochemistry; Materials science; Engineering; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001690568,0.0008780244,0.001051365,0.00171159,0.0002438586,0.001541582,0.0006928804,0.001073222,0.00205029],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001435216,0.0004166049,0.0006215889,0.001137147,0.0005364331,0.001847124,0.00113877,0.001482198,0.001269879],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007415921,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0007514646,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006606401,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001011253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994975,0.0001156324,0.00005490757,0.00007965269,0.0002105272,0.00004173421],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993325,0.0004468325,0.00004887614,0.00003013128,0.0001216998,0.00001995735],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009419147,0.00008599654,0.0003722582,0.02771181,0.0001363732,0.000394202,0.0001877782,0.001790753,0.05736538,0.02296673,0.01242244,0.8764722],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001458274,0.0002615841,0.0008702435,0.004024313,0.0001781886,0.001834939,0.0001087819,0.0007515427,0.04102241,0.003552773,0.9473191,0.00006160678],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001533996,0.9906125,0.0041339,0.0002816741,0.0003012791,0.00002992927,0.00005270282,0.00002666263,0.003027372],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00420588,0.9913495,0.003148737,0.0001387602,0.0001086498,0.00003453033,0.00007600728,0.00001109166,0.000926931],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00205029,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008940697,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01012708831919733,"score_gpt":0.257469343109442,"score_spread":0.2473422547902446,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}