{"id":"W4411207771","doi":"10.3399/bjgpo.2024.0140","title":"Patient characteristics associated with clinically coded long COVID: an OpenSAFELY study using electronic health records","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BJGP Open","topic":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Population and Public Health","funders":"National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West; Medical Research Council; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; British Heart Foundation; University College London; University of Bristol; Department of Health and Social Care; National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration Oxford and Thames Valley; UK Research and Innovation; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; National Institute for Health and Care Research; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre; Wellcome Trust","keywords":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); Health records; 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); Electronic health record; Medicine; Virology; Health care; Internal medicine; Outbreak; Infectious disease (medical specialty); Disease; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002487828,0.0003311075,0.00111905,0.0001642926,0.0003282039,0.0002539198,0.000599223,0.0001374792,0.00009494551],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001913631,0.0002756664,0.00007284388,0.0005368301,0.00007746826,0.0003119959,0.0004676924,0.0005710067,0.00001621412],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001484209,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005783183,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002356104,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002448593,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9962026,0.0008628776,0.0009721178,0.0007440721,0.000482492,0.0007357919],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970082,0.0006604353,0.0006240081,0.0009420533,0.0002927729,0.0004725256],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006002399,0.004091886,0.9689655,0.0002100931,0.0007706744,0.0003857944,0.001211449,0.00002560653,0.0001041472,0.0001221256,0.001008932,0.01710144],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01151501,0.02229983,0.9604126,0.001253216,0.0004821928,0.00002293527,0.00047391,0.001376236,0.00003636433,0.00007490755,0.001603729,0.0004490458],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.987603,0.00004294146,0.0008223041,0.002725367,0.000245038,0.007665895,0.00003559486,0.000123287,0.000736576],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9844884,0.00002169599,0.0007937688,0.01340687,0.00006640569,0.000121345,0.0002400373,0.00006235166,0.0007991632],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01820794,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999695,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0459114600160281,"score_gpt":0.4130017941686128,"score_spread":0.3670903341525847,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}