{"id":"W4411226288","doi":"10.1017/s0022143025100531","title":"Regional glacier melt modeling: insights from surface energy balance and positive degree-day comparisons","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Glaciology","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of British Columbia","funders":"General Sir John Monash Foundation","keywords":"Geology; Glacier; Degree (music); Glacier mass balance; Energy balance; Degree day; Surface (topology); Balance (ability); Geomorphology; Geodesy; Physical geography; Geometry; Meteorology; Mathematics; Geography; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001168372,0.0001038623,0.0003073492,0.00003438718,0.000175441,0.00001822755,0.0001393829,0.0000819625,0.00009087656],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00005199116,0.00007638634,0.00006115903,0.000139988,0.0001235735,0.000107142,0.0000193174,0.0001684157,0.000003431246],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000008021727,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008040562,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001558449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002367057,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991727,0.0001195789,0.0003178902,0.0001397808,0.0001070833,0.0001429524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990445,0.000498215,0.0001579762,0.00008015771,0.0001475228,0.00007164037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002994344,0.00004885361,0.9327801,0.000004875379,0.0003968912,0.00004462244,0.0007645218,0.04227088,0.0001948974,0.004377683,0.01372608,0.005091141],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005003312,0.0001331818,0.8242577,0.00003283612,0.00005052361,0.00002107508,0.0005273886,0.1443755,0.00001489876,0.005849225,0.02413204,0.0001053021],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9605302,0.0145817,0.02021858,0.003064266,0.0005584737,0.00002865363,0.00002786492,0.000006137002,0.0009840975],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9946723,0.001175304,0.002460559,0.00138828,0.0001302544,1.233062e-7,0.00002493216,0.000001546826,0.0001466801],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1085224,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3114944,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0348901473413516,"score_gpt":0.240581655828031,"score_spread":0.2056915084866794,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}