{"id":"W4411299913","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2025.109883","title":"Spatial features of Reynolds-stress carrying structures in turbulent boundary layers with pressure gradient","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Alliance de recherche numérique du Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu; Barcelona Supercomputing Center; Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe AISBL","keywords":"Reynolds stress; Mechanics; Turbulence; Pressure gradient; Reynolds number; Boundary layer; Materials science; Adverse pressure gradient; Stress (linguistics); Flow separation; Classical mechanics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009748487,0.0001378941,0.0002310242,0.0003302711,0.0000245345,0.00005791939,0.0002114125,0.00006552375,0.0000147981],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001277958,0.000107599,0.00006653176,0.00008026025,0.00004904946,0.0001181275,0.00003079092,0.0002375996,1.071861e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005768398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004832368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001233745,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001572905,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990785,0.00001653522,0.0003596633,0.0001001966,0.0003145935,0.0001305398],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996316,0.00003530636,0.00004269083,0.00008214948,0.0001610782,0.00004715179],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007638909,0.0001031498,0.03344833,0.0002540791,0.001130453,0.0003275918,0.001276191,0.9323419,0.007263282,0.002361524,0.002258031,0.01847163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004781368,0.0003381033,0.2010899,0.001859599,0.0001802134,0.0005201389,0.0001941344,0.7702804,0.009611503,0.001624579,0.009058877,0.0004612199],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9845095,0.01029876,0.002269061,0.00051606,0.001512294,0.0001078425,0.00005895128,0.00001484937,0.0007127356],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983398,0.0006200924,0.0007911718,0.00004546932,0.0001326968,0.000001815736,0.00000971603,0.00001173162,0.00004745818],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1676416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.438776,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003242044881012575,"score_gpt":0.2057565387056948,"score_spread":0.2025144938246822,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}