{"id":"W4411337451","doi":"10.1109/icps64254.2025.11030344","title":"Protection of Inverter-Based Isolated Microgrids: A Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"","topic":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Inverter; Electrical engineering; Engineering; Voltage","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002361572,0.0003563193,0.001663208,0.0004266475,0.00002152125,0.0000154356,0.0002106639,0.000321359,0.0001361333],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004635901,0.000294148,0.0004878151,0.001005316,0.00001563498,0.00003304957,0.00001946842,0.0003349908,0.0001097606],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001683387,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001114316,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000207373,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004332926,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984017,0.0001215495,0.0009511824,0.0002236442,0.0001308126,0.0001711384],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991859,0.00006151006,0.0001919387,0.0004634823,0.00006626017,0.00003096645],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[4.676145e-7,0.000006640483,4.468069e-8,0.5452504,0.000119308,7.953719e-7,0.000002641186,0.000004741762,0.000001905109,0.0000037195,0.0117734,0.4428359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005054682,0.00002354008,1.096717e-8,0.2602713,0.0003465276,0.00001353108,4.347332e-7,0.0006631473,0.0000165686,0.000001045663,0.7384281,0.0001852599],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[1.823916e-8,0.9612752,0.03139187,0.000002980992,0.001682204,0.001998106,0.0000233628,0.0005822565,0.003043987],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.000003337761,0.9985676,0.0001028451,0.00001894035,0.0000516404,0.0005965244,0.00003153872,0.00005416317,0.0005734469],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7266547,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999511,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02393568576750304,"score_gpt":0.2726758776872219,"score_spread":0.2487401919197189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}