{"id":"W4411410213","doi":"10.3828/qs.2025.4","title":"“Competitive on Many Levels”: Nationalism, Neoliberalism, and Misinformation in the 2023 Québec Tuition Debate","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Quebec Studies","topic":"Political Systems and Governance","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bishop's University","funders":"","keywords":"Misinformation; Neoliberalism (international relations); Nationalism; Government (linguistics); Subsidy; Politics; Political science; Ignorance; Public administration; Optimal distinctiveness theory; Political economy; Sociology; Law; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004548933,0.00006557084,0.0001075323,0.00004301922,0.0003509347,0.00005532883,0.00008479824,0.00003420492,0.0000129558],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004143315,0.00004579415,0.00002239924,0.0001719181,0.0002025137,0.0001748786,0.00002358211,0.00006802902,0.00001365598],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002802134,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001385494,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4518284,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7375865,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992,0.0001346187,0.0001574865,0.0000947174,0.0002569789,0.0001561881],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992642,0.0005359867,0.00005009897,0.00005574419,0.00007689811,0.00001711061],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003696641,0.000009756825,0.0003321686,0.00001751681,0.00001221611,0.000001081009,0.02520128,0.000002341352,0.000001153869,0.9679219,0.004568313,0.00192863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002898692,0.00001539945,0.4224268,0.0002766707,0.00000982385,4.539139e-7,0.02905865,0.0000191688,0.00001486921,0.02981849,0.5179592,0.000110562],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4993186,0.002395865,0.00004292945,0.1475047,0.0004618025,0.0004870456,0.00004124687,0.00004183036,0.349706],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9768879,0.000217706,0.000009351734,0.003713772,0.00008986029,0.00004082077,0.000001524248,0.000001699813,0.01903737],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9381034,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5518219,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03741217296314277,"score_gpt":0.3426493888041471,"score_spread":0.3052372158410044,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}