{"id":"W4411458570","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02922-9","title":"Neutron scattering and thermodynamic evidence for emergent photons and fractionalization in a pyrochlore spin ice","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Nature Physics","topic":"Advanced Condensed Matter Physics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Office of Science; Welch Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Fractionalization; Pyrochlore; Spin ice; Spin (aerodynamics); Photon; Neutron scattering; Scattering; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics; Ethnic group","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002905692,0.0001330683,0.0002051618,0.0004314404,0.0006628582,0.0006450317,0.0004412992,0.0003724053,0.001408435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007791314,0.0001965626,0.0001194198,0.0001937002,0.001239707,0.0005363878,0.0004129375,0.000574577,0.00007870192],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004251543,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003330609,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002886722,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00256949,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999219,0.000007477959,0.000003195779,0.00002232438,0.00002307362,0.00002190681],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995869,0.0001948423,0.00006535524,0.00003759756,0.00005877365,0.00005662793],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001805704,0.0002065632,0.04366703,0.00009756899,0.00004143974,0.0009851728,0.0003675842,0.006762179,0.9217268,0.02083796,0.0002551019,0.003246897],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003883671,0.0008377957,0.2040626,0.00003280007,0.00005159447,0.001362843,0.001926631,0.08295523,0.6722499,0.03389349,0.002156808,0.00008190245],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9982405,0.0000291503,0.000510372,0.00003663887,0.00000453952,0.000002441367,0.00003433409,0.000007539587,0.0011345],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996779,0.000009749276,0.0001434276,0.000006073146,0.000001120466,0.000001143569,0.00003278184,0.000002810929,0.0001249955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002886722,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005739808,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01287594506733635,"score_gpt":0.3292228774168005,"score_spread":0.3163469323494641,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}