{"id":"W4411509622","doi":"10.1016/j.compag.2025.110690","title":"Design and development of industrial prototype of spot specific orchard sprayer using ultrasonic sensing system and advanced pressure control mechanism","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computers and Electronics in Agriculture","topic":"Smart Agriculture and AI","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Higher Education Commision, Pakistan; Higher Education Commission, Pakistan","keywords":"Sprayer; Mechanism (biology); Ultrasonic sensor; Orchard; Control system; Automotive engineering; Environmental science; Engineering; Control engineering; Computer science; Mechanical engineering; Acoustics; Electrical engineering; Agronomy; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005407172,0.0005246191,0.0006993145,0.0003417942,0.0004565772,0.0004675474,0.002003095,0.0009189958,0.005235599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004492193,0.0005427248,0.0005176126,0.0002242927,0.0002563794,0.0005763414,0.0004029737,0.0004661699,0.0009988891],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002936807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008584858,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001083114,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001001792,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994007,0.00004383087,0.00002807745,0.0001516678,0.0003300065,0.00004564097],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996276,0.00005061263,0.00004330387,0.000062445,0.0001824401,0.00003362374],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001869868,0.0001650104,0.00275875,0.0006598842,0.00006477412,0.0004636003,0.0002856423,0.003688139,0.8800346,0.002027778,0.003501197,0.1061637],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003781849,0.005290802,0.03011677,0.00008981265,0.0003291608,0.005103573,0.000312006,0.09850992,0.7568627,0.0008565664,0.1019843,0.0001662663],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1837243,0.001026263,0.792462,0.0005851425,0.000431823,0.001177739,0.000371941,0.007075983,0.01314489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6172888,0.000574576,0.3540482,0.0002843266,0.0001049644,0.0005642115,0.0003883377,0.0001759693,0.02657061],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.005235599,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01751488,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01862462319368996,"score_gpt":0.2038334515507679,"score_spread":0.1852088283570779,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}