{"id":"W4411536037","doi":"10.3390/en18133272","title":"Case Study of a Greenfield Blue Hydrogen Plant: A Comparative Analysis of Production Methods","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energies","topic":"Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Regina","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Mitacs; Petroleum Technology Research Centre; Canada Foundation for Innovation; University of Regina","keywords":"Greenhouse gas; Carbon footprint; Environmental science; Hydrogen production; Sustainability; Global warming; Natural gas; Production (economics); Waste management; Environmental engineering; Refrigeration; Environmental economics; Engineering; Climate change; Hydrogen; Chemistry; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001422855,0.0001070016,0.0004333335,0.0006734519,0.00001040365,0.000004038017,0.0001115547,0.00006313598,0.000004545093],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006001371,0.00009886405,0.00008283762,0.001414144,0.0000537209,0.00003930623,0.00005418202,0.00008754056,1.10177e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000219838,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000007319223,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000568821,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001552135,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993908,0.00004994352,0.0002580445,0.0001412775,0.00007606742,0.00008380803],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994102,0.0001211026,0.00005420131,0.0003592928,0.00004650779,0.000008661772],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001462028,0.00008549845,0.001753879,0.00005966611,0.003427462,0.00006162756,0.007785577,0.9387363,0.04565448,0.0005980136,0.0002270867,0.001595774],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001868046,0.00007291711,0.0009648792,0.00001936947,0.001305562,0.00003025843,0.04225544,0.02326469,0.9315676,0.0000828772,0.0001196014,0.0001299992],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.997498,0.0008149407,0.0006144509,0.00001157808,0.0001068693,0.0001413548,0.000009592188,0.0002643804,0.0005388489],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.997979,0.00001714688,0.0019116,0.000001718451,0.000006660489,0.00003180806,0.000002908894,0.000004309496,0.00004482911],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9154716,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4031559,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03179133191870361,"score_gpt":0.3198699321520175,"score_spread":0.2880786002333139,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}