{"id":"W4411570648","doi":"10.1002/cssc.202500491","title":"Advances in Lignin Chemistry, Bonding Performance, and Formaldehyde Emission Reduction in Lignin‐Based Urea‐Formaldehyde Adhesives: A Review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ChemSusChem","topic":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université Laval","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ministère des Ressources Naturelles et de la Faune; FPInnovations; Strong; Université Laval","keywords":"Lignin; Formaldehyde; Urea-formaldehyde; Adhesive; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Chemical engineering; Polymer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004268831,0.001071411,0.000862475,0.002106526,0.0003376459,0.0007819079,0.0005383621,0.0007686851,0.003968368],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000500327,0.0003977121,0.000576234,0.002403688,0.0002301834,0.001353676,0.0004727447,0.001132538,0.001531071],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003932397,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009418062,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008968082,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001821153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998318,0.00001777989,0.00001998493,0.00003738165,0.00007091686,0.00002203459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997969,0.00008787645,0.00004202817,0.000006190583,0.00005254308,0.00001433928],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007062326,0.0002026812,0.0003387218,0.06433281,0.0001430776,0.00034568,0.000163625,0.00127075,0.02283082,0.007299139,0.02310419,0.8798979],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008796012,0.0002413705,0.001160495,0.003722413,0.0002147637,0.0008829883,0.0000933185,0.0003216976,0.006991194,0.001646512,0.9846799,0.00003660865],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0008450786,0.9962096,0.0004456023,0.0001610065,0.0001976883,0.000008151627,0.00004491295,0.00001400385,0.00207384],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00215544,0.9962936,0.0003449834,0.0001047963,0.00009688877,0.000008120199,0.00004518483,0.000002334047,0.000948666],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003968368,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0132755,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01019038806411142,"score_gpt":0.267302487054333,"score_spread":0.2571120989902216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}