{"id":"W4411613441","doi":"10.1111/capa.70020","title":"National Security During the First AI Revolution: The Case for Transforming Canada's Security Apparatus","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Public Administration","topic":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Law enforcement; Terrorism; National security; Agency (philosophy); Social media; Business; Political science; Democracy; Public administration; Patriot Act; Law; Sociology; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000404774,0.0001299321,0.00009551911,0.00007877006,0.002554006,0.0003415383,0.0004755803,0.00005403539,0.00001757583],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001226063,0.00009677195,0.00005897591,0.0004570158,0.00007107657,0.000428391,0.00003657328,0.0001602874,0.000001004174],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008052705,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006566622,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.4458012,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9993962,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988728,0.00003248544,0.0002528598,0.0002577016,0.0002102323,0.0003739565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991004,0.0001304264,0.00005054906,0.0002985844,0.0002863419,0.0001336228],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003590235,0.000007769507,0.000137033,0.00003432752,0.00003335474,0.00003192226,0.0002659529,0.000005964661,6.209963e-7,0.9352713,0.06377216,0.0004359703],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002607376,0.00002112261,0.0008264092,0.0000117882,0.00001274216,0.0001841329,0.0003655152,0.009602429,0.00009330951,0.008051974,0.980421,0.0001488445],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04663972,0.0007470111,0.02900697,0.8684877,0.001719878,0.00245831,0.0003860667,0.0001280284,0.05042631],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9951924,0.000005758227,0.00002889854,0.003941848,0.0001351941,0.0001940934,0.00002688986,0.000003721285,0.0004712151],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9485527,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9990652,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01256398754828721,"score_gpt":0.2498411333893149,"score_spread":0.2372771458410276,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}