{"id":"W4411660527","doi":"10.1016/j.measurement.2025.118254","title":"Advanced RAIM with quadratic protection levels","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Measurement","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring; Quadratic equation; Computer science; Reliability engineering; Engineering; Mathematics; GNSS applications; Global Positioning System; Telecommunications; Geometry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001277423,0.001032214,0.00103097,0.0005989362,0.0005658547,0.001418587,0.001831807,0.001102863,0.009362902],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002728074,0.0003998951,0.0007363836,0.0005344478,0.0005950769,0.001751838,0.002352976,0.001512552,0.003258272],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005709303,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009241888,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001346775,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001655393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987148,0.0003500421,0.00007033339,0.000234458,0.0004709285,0.00015937],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987747,0.0001975447,0.0001068636,0.0004779929,0.0003970837,0.00004574014],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009780125,0.0002324849,0.001125,0.0004381996,0.0001474341,0.0002037275,0.0002487894,0.2994858,0.03272592,0.1050024,0.008523342,0.5508889],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003142206,0.000283644,0.0002248581,0.00002741052,0.00002517834,0.0001337227,0.00001880304,0.9639399,0.009976068,0.01865522,0.006662081,0.00002163616],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.005051007,0.0001959246,0.988219,0.0001130391,0.00007757529,0.00002931607,0.00004007765,0.001378342,0.0048957],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5306817,0.0001535872,0.4552546,0.0002386939,0.0001180141,0.0000759701,0.0002047676,0.0003009371,0.01297183],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.009362902,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03132206,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02326250009332468,"score_gpt":0.2103327408058272,"score_spread":0.1870702407125025,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}