{"id":"W4411682234","doi":"10.1016/j.addr.2025.115644","title":"Carbon dots in drug delivery and therapeutic applications","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews","topic":"Carbon and Quantum Dots Applications","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University; University of Victoria","funders":"Khalifa University of Science, Technology and Research","keywords":"Drug delivery; Drug; Pharmaceutical technology; Medicine; Nanotechnology; Pharmacology; Chemistry; Materials science; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001010092,0.0007617817,0.00270425,0.0003977131,0.0001699523,0.00009279915,0.0007600356,0.0001965592,0.00007225873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004354514,0.0006340561,0.0004458459,0.001132834,0.0001715373,0.0001454825,0.0003186488,0.00050861,0.0003038111],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00028982,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003926681,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002502813,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006234527,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9956755,0.0005456743,0.001620801,0.001264649,0.0002493092,0.0006440335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9969761,0.0006324942,0.0007268769,0.001380717,0.00009013245,0.0001936801],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003916525,0.00006995789,0.000001875726,0.01066319,0.00001307899,0.000003156292,0.00005547467,0.000001875577,0.0001767367,0.0008015591,0.0002421242,0.9879671],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000200941,0.000006804572,0.000002050126,0.01032747,0.0004468604,0.00001156492,0.00002344019,0.00001764423,0.00003312477,0.0004870365,0.9878523,0.0005907767],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0003388735,0.9914942,0.00003726921,0.00005298898,0.0002441602,0.005182761,0.0001084495,0.000124498,0.002416759],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00005931078,0.9913581,0.0006934839,0.0003023388,0.0001028631,0.006121357,0.0001002268,0.00006179015,0.001200556],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9876102,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996111,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02936182748283544,"score_gpt":0.3244822213403,"score_spread":0.2951203938574646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}