{"id":"W4411698104","doi":"10.1080/00036846.2025.2521040","title":"ESG greenwashing and stock price crash risk: a channel analysis","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Economics","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University","funders":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","keywords":"Economics; Stock price; Stock (firearms); Financial economics; Crash; Greenwashing; Econometrics; Engineering; Computer science; Geology; Corporate social responsibility; Series (stratigraphy); Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001693313,0.0001463091,0.0002620943,0.0002310956,0.0001804785,0.0002199193,0.0001738655,0.00006121251,0.00001913517],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001477222,0.0001624918,0.00006755169,0.0005846194,0.00002973129,0.000408965,0.0001613143,0.0001105758,0.00006880871],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003456823,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001683368,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005727001,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000905051,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991913,0.000001674364,0.0002219826,0.0003460008,0.00003146053,0.0002075668],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993657,0.00003196933,0.0003215511,0.0002481165,0.00002432223,0.000008360635],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006119996,0.00005373821,0.8150256,0.0001130878,0.0005292737,0.000002524044,0.00005674335,0.01177941,0.000009779146,0.1384228,0.003700271,0.03024564],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005919049,0.000002101899,0.9167364,0.00001114177,0.0004564462,2.112219e-7,0.00008540016,0.02868774,0.00001212908,0.01556507,0.03756783,0.0002836383],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9597064,0.00005817283,0.007710379,0.0003851581,0.0001100526,0.0001753656,0.000008017755,0.00005697118,0.03178943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972381,0.0001551075,0.000103078,0.001640214,0.0002271941,0.00002912344,0.00001249556,0.00001225732,0.00058243],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1228577,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6626222,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008664065905887893,"score_gpt":0.182403472605635,"score_spread":0.1737394066997471,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}