{"id":"W4411748713","doi":"10.5430/jct.v14n3p32","title":"Linguistic Diversity in Oman: Analyzing the Influence of Gender and Local Omani Languages on Arabic Writing Proficiency Among Omani Students","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Curriculum and Teaching","topic":"Socioeconomic Development in MENA","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Arabic; Linguistic diversity; Linguistics; Diversity (politics); Psychology; Geography; Sociology; Anthropology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001452805,0.0003515646,0.0004132798,0.001085149,0.002076489,0.001660599,0.0004213168,0.0005425288,0.001972424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006902354,0.000218589,0.0002056797,0.001018658,0.001173814,0.0009395758,0.001544495,0.0005082091,0.0002740695],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006704808,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001004294,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005473945,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01222283,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988231,0.0004076828,0.0001142096,0.0001198254,0.0003070152,0.0002281828],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964657,0.0014303,0.001165876,0.0000916534,0.0004541924,0.0003922353],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009978541,0.0002050504,0.7740778,0.00009132709,0.00002189986,0.0009592513,0.2076869,0.00003668247,0.001685928,0.0001901112,0.000187234,0.014758],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003857475,0.0001672792,0.7458437,0.00008962849,0.00001418383,0.0004738646,0.2515304,0.0001382922,0.0003940011,0.0001442777,0.001185885,0.00001468163],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9996284,0.00004022653,0.00001643692,0.00003817091,0.000001818899,0.000002708523,0.000006054098,3.987661e-7,0.0002657061],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996784,0.00005036606,0.00003310786,0.00002248826,0.000002307804,0.000007376013,0.00001024209,0.000001182046,0.0001945879],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005473945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01088417,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01233724558854982,"score_gpt":0.3249382589419627,"score_spread":0.3126010133534129,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}