{"id":"W4411802968","doi":"10.1175/jpo-d-24-0165.1","title":"Impact of Rapid Change in the Rain-Formed Barrier Layer on the Upper Ocean Thermal Response to Typhoon Kalmaegi (2014)","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Physical Oceanography","topic":"Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Bedford Institute of Oceanography; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Typhoon; Barrier layer; Climatology; Geology; Layer (electronics); Environmental science; Meteorology; Thermal; Atmospheric sciences; Oceanography; Materials science; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008016798,0.0001659047,0.0003150025,0.0003733725,0.0001116586,0.00004493649,0.0006754026,0.00005819185,0.0004542277],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000225185,0.00006724634,0.0006057299,0.001093335,0.0001531213,0.0001346943,0.00002240461,0.0005948441,0.00003209172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00000948957,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009060556,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002003548,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000798715,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978274,0.0006596632,0.0003451818,0.0001466918,0.0006316042,0.0003894782],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9977766,0.001586199,0.0001122168,0.0002552068,0.0001003486,0.000169447],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.006369041,0.0003040979,0.9605739,0.00001487209,0.000128453,0.00002980419,0.001505801,0.0003600089,0.001668599,0.0004769858,0.004237443,0.02433103],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004313202,0.002552302,0.9928445,0.00004656229,0.00001612488,0.000003449064,0.000150673,0.0003041238,0.0002021965,0.001010431,0.002357158,0.00008114457],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927866,0.0002427961,0.000006625389,0.005780722,0.00009658936,0.0002433822,0.00003104022,0.000004158215,0.0008080564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982963,0.00003540055,0.00001984938,0.001349904,0.000278228,9.515159e-7,0.000001722137,0.000003548247,0.00001408108],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03227065,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4973475,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02311659896548241,"score_gpt":0.2954740606935016,"score_spread":0.2723574617280192,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}