{"id":"W4411850720","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-87083-5_15","title":"Cluster-Randomized Trials in Surgery","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; Impact","funders":"","keywords":"Cluster (spacecraft); Cluster randomised controlled trial; Randomized controlled trial; Medicine; Surgery; Computer science; Operating system","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["metaresearch"],"domain":"methods","study_design":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":[],"domain":null,"study_design":"not_applicable","genre":"methods","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"medium","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05921939,0.002161475,0.004183598,0.001752768,0.0005122848,0.002140253,0.002549679,0.003712443,0.02993299],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1592664,0.001933618,0.001958179,0.002653068,0.003481303,0.004259207,0.001677231,0.00625447,0.00486172],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002944865,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0031975,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002151907,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005699583,"domain_scores_codex":[0.916254,0.07740556,0.001424621,0.0014192,0.003214332,0.0002822352],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6341946,0.3564875,0.002308055,0.004588126,0.001869826,0.0005519393],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007537021,0.0001052422,0.0002396032,0.00420954,0.0009526879,0.00005757988,0.000155769,0.01071925,0.0000923852,0.4478514,0.3282863,0.2065764],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007958194,0.0001387168,0.0002749946,0.00150963,0.000265686,0.0001208888,0.00004286833,0.0197078,0.0001185837,0.8898043,0.08716529,0.00005526732],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.001094432,0.1166714,0.7481946,0.02813956,0.01458639,0.001483626,0.002203152,0.001839139,0.08578766],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.05045823,0.06209773,0.7435004,0.03296761,0.01629758,0.008737729,0.001406458,0.002222699,0.08231166],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9407806,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3131858,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06008358336594474,"score_gpt":0.320996403865961,"score_spread":0.2609128205000162,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}