{"id":"W4411923792","doi":"10.1002/admi.202500371","title":"Surface‐Engineered Solar‐Driven Interfacial Evaporation: Innovations and Challenges","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Advanced Materials Interfaces","topic":"Solar-Powered Water Purification Methods","field":"Energy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; University of Toronto; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Harvard University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Materials science; Evaporation; Nanotechnology; Engineering physics; Surface (topology); Meteorology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000422388,0.0003123471,0.0004266168,0.0002161524,0.0001534692,0.0001756479,0.0003174248,0.0001798567,0.0003523384],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002950384,0.0003079872,0.00002784063,0.0003147506,0.000127912,0.0005399227,0.0001818608,0.0001388283,0.00007596117],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007074754,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004372883,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000414452,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005372435,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998114,0.0002254375,0.000666012,0.0005316516,0.00014992,0.0003130131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988592,0.0001574904,0.000189529,0.0004960523,0.0002439815,0.000053734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001169721,0.00004090128,0.00004630826,0.000132068,0.0000909402,0.000001644406,0.0007057947,0.001916448,0.9376247,0.04121907,0.0001342684,0.01797087],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006295496,0.00006722769,0.0008950121,0.0001273924,0.00002715,0.000004665293,0.0004898694,0.0001130216,0.9526252,0.008132042,0.03659883,0.0002901006],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9791458,0.002383837,0.00763795,0.00292255,0.00257653,0.0004110165,0.00005750323,0.0004170242,0.004447798],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9731042,0.0010552,0.02437138,0.000131482,0.00008917039,0.00008041021,0.00005829376,0.00003918096,0.001070715],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03646456,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999372,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03987072038564381,"score_gpt":0.3140118174347588,"score_spread":0.274141097049115,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}