{"id":"W4412031014","doi":"10.1016/j.renene.2025.123925","title":"Dual functionality of ethylenediamine pretreatment: Release of fermentable sugars and modified fluorescent lignin","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Renewable Energy","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Key Research and Development Program of China; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Lignin; Chemistry; Fluorescence; Ethylenediamine; Dual (grammatical number); Dual role; Organic chemistry; Pulp and paper industry; Biochemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Combinatorial chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001175826,0.0003460144,0.0001527155,0.0001044462,0.00008624193,0.0002282974,0.0002102631,0.0003621146,0.0009819396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001346838,0.000111203,0.0002219018,0.0001369871,0.0001350301,0.0002582176,0.0001543997,0.0003958192,0.0002065755],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002482895,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001691809,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004497645,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0009648399,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999105,0.000008249236,0.000005372515,0.00002533788,0.000019354,0.00003126156],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999257,0.00001493477,0.00002470798,0.000009748726,0.00001073066,0.00001419525],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008409502,0.00001103537,0.00003798214,0.00001581293,0.000002483935,0.0000321733,0.000007300246,0.00003741312,0.9990734,0.00005573687,0.0000117653,0.0006308065],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003019495,0.00004191824,0.0002719403,7.87186e-7,0.00000248161,0.00001966714,0.000003183567,0.0001806303,0.9992734,0.00000465708,0.0001965063,0.000001847216],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9958808,0.0003837652,0.002668229,0.00003921799,0.00001777991,0.000009265589,0.00008601147,0.00003581292,0.0008789542],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970661,0.0001638217,0.001185139,0.00001742765,0.000002714999,0.00000540097,0.00007316623,0.000009259081,0.001477118],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0009819396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003284872,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00770850994817618,"score_gpt":0.1972135083080856,"score_spread":0.1895049983599094,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}