{"id":"W4412065151","doi":"10.1186/s12909-025-07553-5","title":"Influence of virtual reality simulation (excluding augmented reality) on endodontic learning experiences of undergraduate dental students: a systematic review","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"BMC Medical Education","topic":"Dental Research and COVID-19","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Ajman University","keywords":"Virtual reality; Medical education; Augmented reality; Psychology; Dentistry; Medicine; Computer science; Human–computer interaction","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003004621,0.0003810635,0.002265548,0.0004281252,0.0001122963,0.00005587308,0.001064349,0.0002833599,0.0001306672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07685458,0.0003056951,0.000503059,0.001151172,0.0002031262,0.000174469,0.0002850214,0.0005721975,0.00005686081],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006188241,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005657633,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002856131,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001172744,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9904706,0.003036994,0.002388674,0.0005859871,0.003204046,0.0003136742],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9917436,0.005123794,0.001792078,0.000678206,0.0003006616,0.0003616515],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"systematic_review","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002774349,0.0005947035,0.0000972584,0.9826598,0.0001557743,0.000006690768,0.0002711795,0.0001606064,2.495372e-7,0.0009243996,0.000312753,0.01478881],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003709976,0.0001656303,0.00004745155,0.9947037,0.001132756,0.00002022048,0.001636379,0.0002037881,0.000002103225,0.0001082741,0.001352262,0.0002564653],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":"systematic_review","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.006219485,0.988273,0.001255969,0.00002756265,0.0005250906,0.003392012,0.00001447103,0.00004964016,0.0002427733],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.09609786,0.9011186,0.000008963707,0.0001316321,0.00005335339,0.001010383,0.0002807102,0.00002282833,0.001275693],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08987837,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999794,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0879482423610336,"score_gpt":0.4945814636247096,"score_spread":0.406633221263676,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}