{"id":"W4412110159","doi":"10.2478/host-2025-0008","title":"Humans and the Great Lakes— Anthropogenic Impact and the Search for the “Anthropocene Golden Spike”","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"HoST - Journal of History of Science and Technology","topic":"Transboundary Water Resource Management","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Anthropocene; Spike (software development); Geography; Environmental ethics; Environmental science; Ecology; Biology; Computer science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000448698,0.0001049315,0.00009910839,0.0005842371,0.001590008,0.002512664,0.0002937736,0.0004984346,0.002352291],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008651941,0.00009127292,0.00007467983,0.0009961369,0.007752452,0.001585031,0.001672878,0.0007082731,0.00007300358],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003184187,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002077712,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1150962,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2947762,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997907,0.00008230149,0.000005967275,0.00002038094,0.00004353663,0.00005710162],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999529,0.000146556,0.0001313169,0.00002122691,0.00007394994,0.00009790881],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000290477,0.00007197458,0.1925288,0.0004318315,0.000116692,0.001835533,0.09317561,0.0009601372,0.001909068,0.5419044,0.04812441,0.1186511],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002319814,0.00008773008,0.3923574,0.0005210844,0.00004082895,0.0004212612,0.1304228,0.0009918449,0.0006758131,0.1281502,0.3462466,0.00006120139],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7306635,0.03171012,0.0007707123,0.1463973,0.0004066663,0.00001499515,0.000210251,0.00003605866,0.08979032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992021,0.00375928,0.0001457744,0.001237312,0.0001706367,0.000002016392,0.00001967584,0.000003274095,0.002641093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.99841,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2288526,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0183252105838934,"score_gpt":0.3108163160861921,"score_spread":0.2924911055022987,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}