{"id":"W4412137295","doi":"10.1002/ehf2.15366","title":"Clinical Endpoints in Pragmatic Heart Failure Trials: From Data Collection to Clinical Endpoint Classification","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"ESC Heart Failure","topic":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Hamilton Health Sciences; McMaster University; Population Health Research Institute","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Relypsa; Respicardia; Vetenskapsrådet; Cytokinetics; Astellas Pharma; Novo Nordisk; Verily Life Sciences; ReCor Medical; AstraZeneca; Amarin Corporation; Boston Scientific Corporation; Gilead Sciences; Eli Lilly and Company; Impulse Dynamics; University of Pittsburgh; Vifor Pharma; Pfizer; Amgen; Edwards Lifesciences; Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute; American Regent; Sanofi; American Heart Association; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","keywords":"Medicine; Heart failure; Clinical endpoint; Clinical trial; Intensive care medicine; Endpoint Determination; Data collection; Internal medicine; Surrogate endpoint; Cardiology; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.01356882,0.0011639,0.009089582,0.00119498,0.0001899831,0.0001970229,0.0008127941,0.001824848,0.001241954],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01233003,0.0009294703,0.001891488,0.001983717,0.0001415035,0.0003020096,0.0008910755,0.002474713,0.002675851],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006416174,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002767484,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002403534,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001625492,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9819835,0.00652017,0.006743512,0.002861835,0.0009716004,0.0009194119],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9873667,0.006496738,0.000900776,0.004207461,0.0001875463,0.0008407427],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001627541,0.001011545,0.001657033,0.004761227,0.0007616113,0.00005157831,0.0000396285,1.678629e-7,9.981724e-7,0.00005775293,0.7491259,0.2423698],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002969273,0.0005148898,0.001762133,0.0236735,0.003750568,0.0000269757,0.0001415265,0.00007206525,7.480876e-7,0.00004301014,0.9664126,0.0006326834],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00009769446,0.842062,0.001231053,0.1229521,0.004797874,0.02625803,0.001230948,0.0006889966,0.0006812997],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00004994613,0.8588709,0.1185284,0.002236239,0.003200408,0.001412845,0.01103928,0.0001845012,0.004477434],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2417371,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998266,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2662729819247575,"score_gpt":0.5029556236156568,"score_spread":0.2366826416908993,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}