{"id":"W4412178123","doi":"10.1039/d5ee02619a","title":"Halogenated polystyrene derivatives passivate and prevent volatilization in inverted perovskite solar cells","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Energy & Environmental Science","topic":"Perovskite Materials and Applications","field":"Engineering","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Waterloo; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Volatilisation; Passivation; Polystyrene; Perovskite (structure); Materials science; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology; Polymer; Composite material; Layer (electronics); Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006506452,0.0001376714,0.00009391528,0.0000850365,0.0001256459,0.000254634,0.0001663822,0.0001401605,0.0008743035],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001204493,0.0001404702,0.00009860266,0.0000811376,0.0001421201,0.0001913027,0.00009672427,0.0002135715,0.0002644629],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001721055,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003127124,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001544161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003003005,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999405,0.000005646746,0.000003447332,0.000008568067,0.00002587613,0.00001593334],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999607,0.000007937797,0.000009948236,0.000003953913,0.000009860533,0.000007708691],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007018774,0.00001843417,0.0001557323,0.00002347274,0.00000360313,0.00002665805,0.00001727773,0.0003018554,0.9970309,0.0001041875,0.00006394598,0.002183658],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003146469,0.00005929126,0.0005456773,0.000001522356,0.00000470316,0.00002356206,0.000009221214,0.0005270905,0.9982867,0.00001254493,0.0005248171,0.000001724642],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969524,0.0007228027,0.0007730068,0.00003200469,0.00001158487,0.000005828409,0.00005521662,0.00004201296,0.001405124],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970975,0.0004688492,0.0005713627,0.00001687738,0.00000377297,0.000003100661,0.00005646439,0.0000117617,0.001770325],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001544161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.003070354,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002890105011188682,"score_gpt":0.1759212959786766,"score_spread":0.1730311909674879,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}