{"id":"W4412192645","doi":"10.5194/acp-25-7187-2025","title":"Global ground-based tropospheric ozone measurements: reference data and individual site trends (2000–2022) from the TOAR-II/HEGIFTOM project","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Atmospheric chemistry and physics","topic":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto; Environment and Climate Change Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Ozone; Troposphere; Tropospheric ozone; Environmental science; Atmospheric sciences; Meteorology; Climatology; Geography; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00082618,0.0005147196,0.0003010896,0.001915046,0.0001535962,0.0004150583,0.0003948958,0.0003192316,0.001192961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009623409,0.0001312279,0.0003416821,0.004823681,0.0001134681,0.0004604261,0.0004798316,0.0002811326,0.0008229563],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006096802,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004307499,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.04287367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.03648824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999728,0.00003386785,0.00002182518,0.00008237304,0.00009535068,0.00003858884],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992223,0.00007082634,0.0002314254,0.0001320136,0.0002962413,0.00004723593],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006956452,0.0002521013,0.8612709,0.0004922794,0.0006733348,0.0001836228,0.0002322731,0.01384931,0.005615441,0.0005131901,0.04752759,0.06869433],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003007672,0.00006135318,0.979938,0.00002358917,0.00007291161,0.00008389457,0.00007898607,0.003071684,0.002227259,0.0000765982,0.01432208,0.00001353135],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.5948778,0.0008660402,0.003015671,0.0001591008,0.00004989285,0.00008664214,0.3954101,0.0005317308,0.005003151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4222845,0.0003020864,0.003956717,0.000060608,0.00002943197,0.00009297646,0.5719119,0.00008112908,0.001280563],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04287367,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.08524823,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03551257631565385,"score_gpt":0.2546360601991493,"score_spread":0.2191234838834955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}