{"id":"W4412368892","doi":"10.12775/qs.2025.43.61483","title":"Non-surgical Approaches in the Treatment of Lower Back Pain: A Review of Methods, Efficacy, and Safety","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Quality in Sport","topic":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University Hospital","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Physical therapy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005370552,0.0003041357,0.004121688,0.0001414137,0.000006842063,0.000001684497,0.0001620485,0.0002676189,0.0001583336],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002492375,0.0001623685,0.0006480262,0.0004752637,0.0001506024,0.00001503918,0.00003847677,0.0002443962,0.000004090236],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007448583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002326891,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001380849,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001449329,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9963499,0.001074601,0.001876642,0.0003696787,0.0001552284,0.0001739153],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.998509,0.000312729,0.0004380152,0.0006668392,0.00003327908,0.00004009589],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004386793,0.001283562,0.0006022381,0.2394599,0.00009118859,0.00008113049,0.0001497414,1.399782e-8,5.917743e-8,0.0003032334,0.0002909247,0.7576941],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001280136,0.001096025,0.008804725,0.1836348,0.0007170265,0.00008219048,0.00008834855,9.538267e-7,7.69735e-7,0.000007867155,0.8041298,0.000157309],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0002490082,0.9917059,0.0000202033,0.0002490904,0.0000500986,0.002147534,0.00002994362,0.000003507924,0.005544711],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003151429,0.9978907,0.001068081,0.0002516142,0.0000342139,0.00013411,0.000215265,0.00001076026,0.0003637816],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8038388,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6621195,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2160028626140691,"score_gpt":0.4885542264134209,"score_spread":0.2725513637993517,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}