{"id":"W4412371531","doi":"10.1038/s41545-025-00497-9","title":"Electrically conductive membranes featuring integrated porous feed spacers for superior antifouling performance","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"npj Clean Water","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Tamkeen; York University; New York University Abu Dhabi","keywords":"Biofouling; Membrane; Porosity; Materials science; Electrical conductor; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; Chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001606956,0.0005369966,0.000237542,0.000203323,0.0001190491,0.0003740426,0.0002651908,0.0006002986,0.0004773478],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002866458,0.0001841003,0.0002775743,0.0001583586,0.000190803,0.0005269661,0.0002442393,0.000468497,0.0002321767],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002176581,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001238874,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001931163,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005262037,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998459,0.00001992459,0.0000118398,0.00003720016,0.00005061576,0.00003449257],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998612,0.00003666431,0.00005044167,0.00001022473,0.0000280752,0.00001335771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000096224,0.000005474716,0.00004246793,0.00005387405,0.000003682122,0.00002964281,0.00000546825,0.00006104299,0.9985102,0.0000343321,0.00001417544,0.001230014],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001407789,0.00005254391,0.0004451203,0.000003914275,0.000006436399,0.00007203851,0.00001069182,0.0006405286,0.9981149,0.00001615477,0.0006325871,0.000003686478],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9786932,0.003260733,0.01524072,0.0001871518,0.00008030755,0.00002573144,0.0001600556,0.0002432565,0.002108828],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9865351,0.001719992,0.01037183,0.00006220153,0.00001620086,0.00002050091,0.000094971,0.00002213087,0.001156971],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0006002986,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.001596868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01118186177976821,"score_gpt":0.2363706597312315,"score_spread":0.2251887979514633,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}