{"id":"W4412404454","doi":"10.1109/tifs.2025.3589008","title":"FOADA: Toward Robust Open-World Mobile App Fingerprinting","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security","topic":"User Authentication and Security Systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Computer security","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00177376,0.001520701,0.001469691,0.002094718,0.0004853475,0.001593116,0.001877788,0.001917734,0.0009726742],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00797446,0.0004602302,0.0007778573,0.000738183,0.0008320066,0.003478725,0.002834353,0.002285021,0.002064619],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006481061,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008800308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002634679,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002165481,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976533,0.000380289,0.000103564,0.0005345176,0.001001644,0.0003266942],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965181,0.001091243,0.0005005408,0.001027401,0.0006888877,0.0001737333],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009025626,0.0007542833,0.01236488,0.0002119238,0.0002028422,0.0005406319,0.0002480283,0.1283578,0.07313188,0.007270119,0.0118608,0.7641543],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002067855,0.0001859487,0.002007894,0.00002778085,0.00002977183,0.0004232869,0.00005431212,0.9540243,0.0299221,0.007914104,0.005345893,0.00004387621],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1256006,0.001945825,0.8440382,0.0006505203,0.0002937409,0.0001755362,0.0006521632,0.02247128,0.004172102],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83167,0.0007396718,0.160418,0.0005194644,0.0001740694,0.0001272608,0.001276203,0.0003868817,0.004688398],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.002634679,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009380639,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0175620763301906,"score_gpt":0.2510692596947295,"score_spread":0.2335071833645389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}