{"id":"W4412439187","doi":"10.1167/jov.25.9.2451","title":"Psychophysics of variable fonts: Do multiple font features interact to impact readability?","year":2025,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Vision","topic":"Text Readability and Simplification","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Font; Readability; Legibility; Variable (mathematics); Psychophysics; Typography; Computer science; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics; Art; Perception; Visual arts; Neuroscience; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008248754,0.0001106148,0.0002862584,0.0002153015,0.00005447573,0.0001083999,0.0007475326,0.00006669387,0.00001044606],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005631653,0.00007877964,0.000186863,0.0005943162,0.00002200077,0.000703185,0.0001282567,0.0002191725,0.000003866944],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001526997,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001710226,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008773922,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007500096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986677,0.0001086178,0.0005586655,0.000198127,0.0003216424,0.000145294],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9980796,0.000389098,0.0003349523,0.0006038771,0.0004949149,0.00009757037],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008624401,0.001700804,0.01193191,0.0001312146,0.0001394107,0.0000054109,0.002252489,0.00424132,0.2525234,0.01218422,0.02215352,0.6918739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001082368,0.0022276,0.8960728,0.00101245,0.00003989808,0.00004149355,0.0001536457,0.0076404,0.02174606,0.0602763,0.009430297,0.0002766935],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4936775,0.0001864566,0.5029047,0.00166902,0.0006598809,0.000181342,0.000005099736,0.00001620029,0.0006997613],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9556276,0.0000130255,0.04408873,0.0001464865,0.00004965384,0.000001279203,6.287514e-7,0.000003584111,0.00006902641],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8841408,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.321254,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008370482320446177,"score_gpt":0.3279380699225662,"score_spread":0.3195675876021201,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}